NM23-H1 gene protein as a prognostic factor in laryngeal carcinoma

Certain genes may be involved in suppressing metastatic or aggressive tumour behaviour, the non metastatic gene [NM 23H1] is one gene that has been showen to posses metastatic suppressing activity. The expression of NM 23 H1 gene protein was investigated in 60 patients with laryngeal lesions. The patients were divided into 2 groups:-Group [1] 40 cases with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma [21 cases of them with lymph nodes] and Group [2] 20 cases with laryngeal polyps as control group. The immunoreactivity of NM 23 H1 gene protein was assessed according to both pattern and intensity of immunostaining and the correlation of this immunoreactivity with clinicopathological parameters including grade of differentiation, incidence of Lymph node metastasis and the disease recurrence and/or distant metastasis. The immunoreactivity in the metastatic lymph nodes was investigated and ed with their primary tumours, Results of the study showed that most tumours and polyps expressed NM 23 H1 gene but high expression found in [55%] of laryngeal tumours [22 cases], while [45%] of cases [18 cases] showed reduced expression. Ten metastatic lymph nodes showed reduced expression and 1 with high expression from 11 cases of primary laryngeal tumours that had reduced expression, while 5 metastatic lymph nodes showed reduced expression and 5 showed high expression from 10 cases of primary laryngeal tumours that had high expression of NM 23 H1 gene product. Gene expression is inversely correlates with grade of differentiation. Primary tumours with high expression showed less distant metastasis whilst those with low expression reveald more aggressive behavior. From these data we concluded that the NM23 H1 gene may play a role in distant metastasis and/or disease recurrence and so could be used as a prognostic factor for metastatic in laryngeal carcinoma

Immunophenotyping, MIB-1, p53 and mast cell tryptase in large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

The aim of the present study was to explore by immunohistochemical methods, on lymph node and infiltrated bone marrow bioposies. the potential value of MIB-l proliferation rate. p53 overexpression and Mast cell tryptase [MCT] as possible prognostic fators for large cell lymphomas on 69 adult patients for whom paraffin blocks, clinical data and survival information were available. In the reviewed series, large cell lymphoma included: 84.1% large B-cell lymphoma. 11.6% peripheral T-cell lymphoma and 4.3% anaplastic large cell lymphoma. MIB-1 labeling was quantitated by image analysis and cases were classified as either of low or high proliferation rate taking MIB-l count of 50% as a cutoff value. For p53, nuclear immunoreactivity equal to or more than 20% were considered overexpression or positive. As for MCT, presence of> 5 mast cells/hpf was recorded as high count while counts <5 mast cells/hpf were considered low counts. In the L.N. biopsies examined the mean MIB-l labeling rate was 48.5%. p53 positive tumors contributed 33.3% of cases while high MCT counts were detected in 43.5% of cases. High MIB-l rate, p53 positivity and MCT counts showed a statistically significant relation to high lPl and were associated ".ith poor response to therapy and unfavorable 2-year overall survival and hence were considered risk factors. Additionally, high MCT count was found to show a strong relation with T-cell phenotype and extranodal forms. Bone marrow biopsies were examined to detect infiltrated cases. B.M. infiltration was detected in 15 cases whose levels of MIB-l and p53were in accordance to the corresponding L.N. values.MCT counts in B.M. biopsies were within the high count group but were lower than corresponding L.N. values and were strongly related to T-cell phenotype. It is concluded that MIB- 1. p53 and MCT are valuable prognostic factors which could serve as a guideline for treatment by identifying unfavorable cases for more intensive therapy

Comparison of continuous inflow occlusion, intermittent inflow occlusion and ischemic preconditionning: an experimental study on murine liver

The present study was carried out on 40 white female rats classified into four groups, 10 rats in each group. In the first group, a continuous vascular inflow occlusion for 30 minutes was carried out using microvascular clamps. In the second group, a continuous vascular inflow occlusion for 60 minutes was carried out. In the third group, intermittent vascular inflow occlusion for 60 minutes was carried out [15 minutes clamping and 5 minutes reperfusion for 3 successive cycles]. In the fourth group, ischemic preconditioning was carried out [10 minutes clamping and 15 minutes reperfusion, followed by continuous clamping for 60 minutes]. In all groups, these different ischemic protocols were followed by two-hour reperfusion. The ischemia-reperfusion injurious effects were assessed in the liver specimens using light microscopy as well as electron microscopy. Apoptosis, as a marker of ischemia-reperfusion injury, was evaluated in the liver specimens stained with specific TUNEL staining. The continuous inflow occlusion for 60 minutes is associated with a highly significant degree of hepatic parenchymal damage compared with the other groups

Desmoid fibromatosis; Problems in diagnosis and management: reappraisal

Twenty-nine patients with desmoid tumors were identified. Estrogen receptor assays were studied by the immunocytochemical method using monoclonal antibodies to human ER and highly sensitive streptavidin immunoperoxidase kit in ten patients. The clinical follow up was available for all patients with a range of 1-9 years. The duration of the follow up was less than one year from the time of resection in three patients. All lesions were treated initially with a surgical excision. Those patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy were treated with cobalt-60 units or a 4 MeV linear accelerator to 5-6 Gy. One patient received brachytherapy at the tumor site to 6 Gy. Another patient was treated with tamoxifen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs after surgical resection. Pathology reports were reviewed in an attempt to evaluate the effect of histologic margins on subsequent tumor recurrences

Clincopathological features and surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer

One hundred and fifty patients with laryngeal cancer were studied. The site of the primary tumor as determined by pathological examination of the postoperative specimens was supraglottic region in 86 cases [57.5%], glottic region in 59 cases [39.5%] and subglottic region in 5 cases [3%]. In 133 cases [88.6%] the cancer involved one hemilarynx, while both sides were involved in 17 cases [11.4%]. All cases were subjected to total laryngectomy, radical neck dissection was done in 36 patients [24.2%] and only 21 cases had histologically involved lymph nodes, while in 15 patients the lymph nodes were histologically negative. Pharyngeal fistula was the commonest postoperative complication, it occurred in 15.3% of cases but most of them closed spontaneously by conservative treatment

Ultrasound guided versus digitally directed prostatic needle biopsy in patients with palpable prostatic lesions

Ultrasound guided and digitally directed prostatic needle biopsies were performed in 25 patients with palpable prostatic lesions. Digitally directed biopsies were positive for cancer in 9 [36%] patients, whereas ultrasound guided biopsies were positive in 11 [44%] patients [including all 9 patients detected by the digitally directed biopsies]. Elevated serum prostate specific antigen [PSA] levels were detected in 10 [90.9%] of 11 patients with cancer [including the two patients diagnosed by ultrasound guided biopsies only]. The results demonstrated the higher diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound guided technique, hence, its use in patients with negative digitally directed biopsies, particularly those with high serum PSA levels, is recommended